Dynamo-electric machine.



A. H. NEULAND.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED Autmr. 1913.

1,21 1,617. Patented Jan. 9,1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

IN VEN TOR. WITNESSES: 17. M A/El Z/ F/VD 3 BY w W 75', ATTORNEYS.

A. H. NEULAND.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.2T.

Patented Jan. 9, 1917.

4 $HEETSSREET 2.

WW H T E W w A H WITNESSES ww QJTGDWMK A. H. NEULAND.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED AUG-2?. 191a.

1,21 1,617. Patented Jan. 9, 1917.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 3- INVENTOR. WITNESSES: 19. A. IVA-U1, H/VO BY M m 7, 3ATTORNEYS.

A. H. NEULAND.

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED AUG.27, 1913.

Patented Jan. 9, 1917.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4 lnverfai' a. H. IVEULH/VD 51M 1% i the staggere and theinduced said alined teeth,

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFONS H. NEULAND, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOB TO NEULANDELECTRICAL COMPANY, INC., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK- To all whom it mayconcern Be it known that I, ALFONS H. NEULAND, a subject of the Czar ofRussia and a resident of the city and county of San Francisco, State ofCalifornia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inDynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to dynamo electric machines, and particularly toalternating current dynamo electric machines.

The object of the invention is to provide a dynamo electric machinewhich possesses a very large power capacity in proportion to its size.

Another object of the invention is to produce in a dynamo electricmachine, a revolving and alternating magnetic field which revolves at amuch greater velocity than that of the revolving element which producesit.

The invention possesses other advantageous features which, with theforegoing,will be set forth at length in the following description,where I shall outline in full that form of the invention which I haveselected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming partof the present specification. The novelty of the invention will beincluded in the claims succeeding said description. From this it will beapparent that I do not limit myself to the showing made by said drawingsand description, as I may adoptmany variations within the scope of myinvention as expressed in said claims.

In a construction in which the adjacent surfaces of the stator andinductor are provided with teeth or projections, producing a single airgap between the rotating and stationary parts the maximum current whichit is possible to generate is dependent partly upon the maximum possiblemagnetomotive force, created by the exciting current, which will forcethe magnetic flux through the alined teeth, bars or' projectionswindings associated with bars or projections without causing anexcessive flux through the induced windin associated with or opposing dteeth, bars or PI'OJGCtlOIlS, which will hereinafter be termed theopposed flux. The opposed fluxat the point at which the teeth are stagered is also increased by the current in t e induced wind-Speciflcation of Letters Patent.

number of Patented Jan. 9, 1917.

Application filed August 27, 1913. Serial No. 786,907.

ings associated with the staggered teeth, which current creates amagneto motive force which combines with that due to the excitingcurrent and increases the opposed flux through the non-alined teeth inproportion to the load current.

My present invention contemplates the substantial reduction of thisopposed flux due to the load current, by greatly increasing the magneticresistance at that point at which the teeth, bars or projections arestaggered. This is of series of laminated stationary and rotating barsor teeth which successively move into and out of alinement, producing intheir two extremes of position closed and open magnetic circuits. Thisarrangement permits of the employment of a strong exciting current,creating a powerful magneto motive force and a powerful generatedcurrent in the induced windings, thereby considerably increasing thepower of the machine.

The present invention also involves the production of a revolvingalternating magnetic field havin an angular velocity many times greatertl an the revolving element which produces it, causing a rapldlyalternating flux through the windings of the induced circuit, therebyproducing in combination with the multiple air p feature a machine ofgreat .power ca aclty.

The peculiar princi le 0 the machine enables the production 0 a truesinusoidal flux cutting the windings of the stator and the shape of thewave may be further controlled by the distribution or congregation ofthe coils on the stator belonging to each phase,

The same structure may be wound for any hases and in the drawin s I haveshown 0th two phase and three p ase windings.

Referring to said drawings: Figure 1 is a cross section, partlydiagrammatic, of one form of the machine of ,my invention. Fig. 2 is alongitudinal section of the machine shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is adiagrammatic representation of the induced windings of the machine. Fi 4is a fra mentary development on a 81, surface 0 the induced windings.Fig. 5 is a detail indicatin the position of the parts of-the magneticcircuit when the circuit is closed. Fig. 6 is a similar detail showingthe position of the. arts when the magnetic circuit is open. Fig. 7

accomplished by a plurality is a cross section of a modified form ofconstruction employing only one air gap in the magnetic circuit. Fig. 8is a longitudinal section of the machine shown in Fig. 7 Fig. 9 is adiagrammatic representation of the induced windings of themachine shownin Fig. 7. Fig. 10 is a detail showing the position of the teeth on thestationary and rotating elements when the magnetic circuit is closed.Fig. 11 is a similar detail showing the position of the teeth when themagnetic circuit is open. Fig. 12 is a longitudinal section of amodified form of machine employing the multiple air gap construction.Fig. 13 is a cross section of the machine shown in Fig. 12 taken on theline A--A. Fig. 14 is a detail of the multiple air gap construction.Figs. 14-14"14 are cross sections of one of the arms shown in Fig. 14taken on the lines a-b and 0 respectively. Fig. 15 is a view on asmaller scale of the coils of the induced winding of the machine shownin Fig. 12. Fig. 16 1s a. development on a flat surface of part of themagnetic circuit of the machine.

The machine of my invention may be employed either as a motor or agenerator, but for the purpose of description herein, I shall describeits operation as a generator.

The windings of this machine may be connected so as to produce eithersingle or polyphase currents; a two phase winding and a three phasewinding eingshown in the drawings.

The machine illustrated in Figs. 1 to 6 inclusive comprises generally astationar housing composed of the side plates 2 whic provide bearings 3for the shaft 4 and the frame 5. Mounted on the shaft 4 and securedthereto is an iron core 6 which provides a conductor for the magneticflux. Surrounding the iron core and spaced apart slightly therefrom isthe coil 7 of the magnetizing winding, which'is stationary and issupported from the frame 5 by any suitable means, such as the bolts o'rrods 8. The magnetizing winding 7 is energized by a direct current froma suitable source, producing a north pole on one side of core 6 and asouth pole on the other side. Secured to the opposite sides of the core6 are the laminated elements 1213 which form part of the ma eticcircuit. These elements 12-13 are pre erably, though not necessarily.provided on their peripheries with equally spaced teeth 14.

Secured to the frame 5 in alinement with and spaced from the rotatingelements 12-13 are the stator elements 15-16 which are also preferablylaminated and provided with equally s aced teeth or projections 17. Thenumber 0 teeth on a stationary element difiers from the number on arotating element as will be hereinafter set forth. The stator elementsare provided with slots 18 in which are arran ed the windings of t'heinduced circuit. 'Fhe present machine is provided with a two phasewinding, each phase comprising four groups of coils, the successivegroups in each phase being wound in opposition. The coils belonging tothe groups of the two phases are arranged so that they overlap as shownin Fig. 4, in which the dark lines represent the coils of one phase andthe light lines the coils of the other phase. The present constructionpresents a four pole machine, the like poles lying diametricallyopposite each other and the groups belonging to the same phase beingarranged in quadrature as'shown in Fig. 3. The groups 21 belong to onephase and the groups 22 belong to the other phase, the successive groupsin each phase being reversed with respect to each other to producesuccessive north and south poles.

Arranged between the rotating and stationary elements l2-13 and 15-16are a plurality of magnetic circuit segments which operate to close themagnetic circuit in some parts or portions of the machine and tothoroughly open it in other parts or portions. Secured to the rotatingelements 12-13 by means of a plate 23 of brass or other nonmagneticmaterial, are one or more series of laminated or partly laminated barsor teeth 2425, the corresponding bars in each series being radiallyalined with each other and with the teeth on the rotating part to whichthey are attached. The two series of bars are spaced apart radially,each series completing a circle of regularly spaced bars. Secured to thestationary part of the machine by means of brackets 26 of non-magneticmaterial are one or more series of laminated or partly laminated bars orteeth 27'28 arranged between and adjacent the series of bars 24--25: Thestationary bars 2728 are alined with the teeth onthe stationary element,the bars in the two series being spaced apart radially. Between theteeth on the stationary elements 15 and the rotating element 12 thereare, therefore,

les of bars, the bars of ing stationary and alined H on the stationaryelement and I of the other two series being movab e and alined with theteeth on the rotating part. Adjacent the. teeth of the rotating part isa' series of stationary bars, then occurs a series of rotating bars,then a series of stationary bars, then a series of rotating bars andthen the teeth of the stationary element. The bars of the various serieslie close to ther radially, so that .when a portion 0 the bars of all ofthe series are alined, acircuit for the magnetic flux is established.The width whic the teeth and bars are staggered or nonalined, a thorou hinterruption of the magnetic circuit is o tained. On-account of thedifl'erent diameters of the circles of the various series of teeth andbars, it is evident that the teeth or bars in the outer series aresomewhat wider than the teeth or bars in the inner series.

The number of teeth or bars in the stationar series and in the revolvingdepen upon the speed of the machlne, the desired frequenc and the numberof pole windings desire In the present machine there are 48 teeth orbars in each stationary series and 50 teeth or bars in each rotatingseries producing a four pole machine, two of the poles occurring on onemember and two on the other member. A difference of two teeth produces afour pole machine, a difference of three teeth a six pole machine, adifference of four teeth an eight pole machine, and so on. In theconstruction illustrated it will be noted that the teeth are alined intwo diametrically opposite portions and staggered or non-alined at twoportions half way between the alined portions.

The various teeth occurring on one side of the machine, that is, thepositive pole side N, are soarranged in a four pole machine that theplanes of alinement of the teeth on the opposite side, the negative poleside S, occur midway or 90 degrees in advance of the planes of alinementof the teeth or bars onthe positive pole side. For example, in Fig. 2,assuming that the teeth on the left side of the machine are alined inthe' plane of the section, the teeth on the right side will be alined ina plane at right angles to the section. This produces two positiverotating poles on one side of the machine and two negative rotatingpoles on the other side of the machine, the poles being in quadrature. I

The coils of the winding 21-22 composing the induced circuit passthrough the slots in both stationary elements 1516,'

thereby sub'ecting the windin s to the efl'ect of the fou rotatingpoles, t e north and south poles successively cutting the coils. It willbe noted from Fig. 1 that for a movement of the rotating elements adistance of one half a tooth pitch that the plane of alinement of theteeth moves through an arc of 90 degrees, or performs a completerevolution for the movement of the teeth a distance of twice the toothpitch. Since there are 50 teeth in each of the rotating series, acomplete revolution of the rotating element will cause twenty-fiverevolutions of the plane of'alinement of the teeth. Since the-alinementof the teeth closes themagnetic circuit and allows the flux to assthrough the windings at the portion of al inement, it is evident that ina four pole maseries chine having '50 teeth on the rotating element,there are 100 reversals of the flux through the windings for eachrevolution of the rotating part. These rapid reversals of the fluxthrough the induced coils generate an extermely high electro motiveforce per turn therein with a consequent high power output. The plane ofalinement of the teeth or bars progresses from tooth to tooth on thestationary element as the rotatable element revolves, or gradually andevenly around the stationary element, and since the successive poles areof opposite sign, the induced windings on the stator are subjected to arotating alternatin g so field. The progression of the field through thewindings is steady and gradual, producing the high power output withoutany material vibration of the parts. The direction of rotation of thehigh velocity field may be the same as that of the inductor or rotatingpart, or it may be in the opposite direction. In a four pole machine twomore projections on the rotatable element than on the stationary elementwill cause rotation in the same direction and vtwo less projections onthe rotatable element than on the stationary element will cause rotationin the opposite direction. The same relation holds true in regard to thedifference of three'projections in the six pole machine, and so on. y

In the drawings I have shown the coils of the induced windings arrangedin each alternate slot which is made deeper to accommodate them, but itis to be understood that the windings may be placed in the successiveslots, the alternate slots, the third slots and so on, depending uponthe manner in which it is desired to arrange or distribute the windings.The teeth 14 on the rotatable element and the teeth 17 on the stationaryelement may be omitted and the surfaces of these elements made smoothwhen desired, allowing the bars in the various series to open and closethe magnetic circuit. Other things remaining the same, this change willreduce the power capacity of the machine by reducing the activegenerating mechanism and the resistance of the ma etic circuit at theplane or planes in which the teeth are staggered.

I will assume that the magnetizing winding is arranged to produce anorth pole N at the left side of the rotor .and a south pole S at theright side of the rotor. This causes the stationary element 15 to be ofsouth polarity as indicated by S and the stationary element 16 to be ofnorth polarity as indicated by N. When the various teeth of the leftside ofthe machine are in and back through the alined groups of teeth oralined portions on the right side. The cups of coils in each phase arearranged m mechanical quadrature, and the SUCCGSSIVB.

groups connected in opposite directions; the fluxes which cut the coilsare also in mechanical quadrature and of opposite polarity. On accountof the high resistance of the magnetic circuit, at those portions wherethe teeth are non-alined, a very strong magnetizing current may be used,producing a powerful flux and permitting a large current to circulate inthe induced windings. This powerful flux in combination with a fieldrevolving, as in this case, twenty-five times as fast as the rotatableelement, produces a machine of very high power capacity in proportion toits size. Either of these features alone will produce a machine having agreater power capacity in proportion to its size than standard machinesnow on the market.

The construction illustrated in Figs. 7 and 11 inclusive employs thesame general features of the prior embodiment, with the exception thatthe mult' le air gap feature is eliminated. The shag reinforcing, or thecore 5, is provided with radially flanged portions 4142, occurring onopposite sides of the magnetizing winding, on which are arran ed thetoothed plates forming the rotata le elements 12 and 13. The toothedlaminations 1516 are secured to the frame and are arranged in'uxtaposition with the rotatable elements. he teeth on the inductors andstationary elements are arranged in the same relation as in the priorembodiment, with the exception that there are two less teeth on eachrotatable element than there are on each stationary element, producing afour ole machine in which the high speed revo ving field rotates in theopposite direction to the rotatable element.

he induced windings 31 are arranged as shown in Fig. 9, roducing a threebase current. The win ings are substantial ythe general three phasewinding, with "the exception that the coils encircle both stationarycores. In the present arrangement there are four coils per pole andphase. In this particular embodiment there are 72 teeth on eachstationary element and teeth on each rotatable element, roducinthirty-five revolutions of the fiel for eac complete revolution of therotatable element. This relatively high velocity field, taken inconnection with a high velocity rotatable element, produces a machinehaving a power capacity limited only by the magnetic resistance of theair gap between the teeth, when the teeth are staggered.

The teeth are made slightly narrower than one half the tooth pitch toincrease the air gap between the stag red teeth. The teeth on the twosides 0 the machine are arranged so that the plane of alinement of theteeth on one side lies at a right angle to the plane of alinement of theteeth on the other sides, thereby producing four poles in quadrature,the successive poles being of opposite s1 n.

he modification shown in Figs. 12 to 16 inclusive employs the multipleair gap feature arranged longitudinally. The machine consists of a framecomposed of the side plates 43 -44 formed of magnetic material, and theconnecting sectors 45 of brass or other nonmagnetic material. The sideplates 4344 are provided with bushin s 46 in which are arranged thebearings 0 the shaft 47 and with inwardly extending bushings 48surrounding the magnetically reinforced shaft, upon which the coils51-52 5354 of the magnetizing winding are arranged. The magnetizingwinding is arranged in four coils for the purposes of convenlence andarrangement, the number of coils being immaterial. The shaft 47 acts asa conductor for the total magnetic flux and is reinforced or made largein diameter for that purpose.

Arranged on each of the end plates 43-44 are the pole-pieces 5556, thenumber and relative position of pole-pieces depending upon theconstruction of the machine and the current to be generated. In thepresent construction, there are six pole-pieces 55 on side plate 43 andsix pole-pieces 56 on side plate 44.. The pole-pieces 55-56 are alinedin pairs in the direction of the axis of the machine, and thepole-pieces on each plate are spaced apart circumferentially. Arrangedon the poleieces are the coils 57 of the induced winding. The present embodiment being a three phase arrangemsmt, the coils on each side of themachine are connected in pairs, the diametrically opposite coilsconstituting one pair, and the turns in one coil are reversed withrelation to the other in each pair.

Arranged between the pole-pieces of the machine, are a plurality ofradially extend ing laminated bars or teeth which are movable withrespect to each other to completely open and close the magnetic circuitbetween the pole-pieces. Secured to each sector 45, are a plurality ofstationary bars or teeth 7 58 arranged in one or more circumferentialseries. he bars in each series are spaced apart circumferentially at aneven pitch, and the various series are spaced apart longitudinally. Inthe present construction there are three series of five bars eacharranged on each sector 45. The position of the bars on one sector withrelation to those oifitghe other sector will he set forth hereina r.

Secured to the shaft 47 is a non-magnetic spider 59 to which are secureda plurality of radially extending laminated bars 61 arranged in one ormore circumferential series. The bars 61 lie intermediate the polepieces and the fixed bars, and by their varylng positions operate toopen and close the magnetic circuit through the respective pairs ofpole-pieces. In the presentconstruction there are four circumferentialseries of bars 61 and there are thirty-one bars in each series. Thepitchg of the bars in each series is the same as the pitch of the barson one of the sectors,so that when the shaft is in the proper positionfive of the bars 61 of each series Wlll be alined with the bars 58,which are alined with one pair of pole-pieces,

thereby closing the magnetic circuit through that pair of pole-pieces.In the present construction there are six pairs of poles, and thestationary bars are arranged so that the movable bars coincide with thestationary bars alined with one pair of pole-pieces at a time. That is,when the bars are alined between one pair of pole-pieces, they arestaggered between the diametrically opposite pair of pole-pieces andpartly ofi'set between the other four pairs of pole-pieces. As the shaftis rotated, therefore, the magnetic resistance between each pair ofpole-pieces is successively increased and decreased causing a variationof the flux through said polepieces from minimum to maximum, and therebygenerating an electromotive force in the winding surrounding thepole-pieces. The flux through each winding is unidirectional and variesfrom maximum to substantially zero. The flux varies in each polepiecefrom maximum to zero, and back to maximum for a revolution of the shaftthrough an arc of one tooth pitch, or bar pitch, producing sixty-twovariations of the flux in each coil for each revolution of the .shaft.On account of the plurality of air gaps in the magnetic circuit when thebars are staggered, the resistance of the circuit at this point tomagnetic leakage is very high, permitting the employment of a highmagnetizing current, the presence of a strong current in the inducedwindings and a consequent large output.

The teeth 58 and 61 are preferably formed of laminations arran ed on acentral bolt, and on account of their radial position must be madesmaller toward the center than toward the periphery. Properly the teethshould be tapered, but in order to obtain simplicity in manufacture, Ihave shown the teeth formed in steps of increasing width outward.

I claim:

1. In a dynamo electric machine, means for producing a magnetic flux, astationary element and a rotatable element adapted to be traversed bysaid magnetic flux, and a of relatively movable elements arranged etweensaid stationary Said rotatable element.

2. In a dynamo electric machine, means for producinga magnetic flux,means for modlfying said magnetic flux, a stationary element and arotatable element adapted to be traversed by said magnetic flux and aplurality of relatively movable bars arranged in the path of themagnetic flux and spaced from the stationary and rotatable elementsadapted to vary the reluctance of the magnetic circuit at differentportions of the machine.

3. In a dynamo electric machine, a magnetizing winding adapted toproduce a magnetic flux, an armature winding adapted to modify saidmagnetic flux and a magnetic circuit adapted to be traversed by saidflux, including a stationary element, a rotatable element and aplurality of relatively movable bars spaced from said elements andadapted by their relative movement to vary the resistance of the circuitat difl'erent portions thereof.

4. In a dynamo electric machine, a stator including circularly arrangedelements spaced apart radially, a rotor including cirments, a winding onsaid stator and a magnetizing winding, said stator and rotor formingpart of a magnetic circuit, the circularly arranged elements thereofbeing arranged to vary the reluctance of the magnetic circuit atdifferent portions thereof.

5. In a dynamo electric machine, a stator including an annular elementand a concentrio series of spaced bars spaced radial] from said elementand separated magnetically therefrom.

6. In a dynamo electric machine, a magnetic circuit formed partly of aplurality of series of laminated bars, the bars of each series beingspaced apart circumferentially, the bars in the alternate series beingalined and stationary and the bars in the other series being alined andmovable, the arrangement of the bars in the two sets of series beingsuch that when some of the bars in all of the series are alined in oneart of the machine, some of the bars in al of the series are staggeredin another part of the machine.

7. In a dynamo electric machine, a magnetic circuit formed partly of alurality of series of laminated bars, one of t e series of bars beingmovable and one of the series of bars being stationa the number of barsin one stationar series being different than the number, of bars in onemovable series, whereby movement of the movable series serves to varythe reluctance of the magnetic circuit differently at difl'erentportions of the machine.

8. In a dynamo electric machine, a rotatable element, a stationaryelement having induced windings thereon, a magnetizing winding adaptedto produce a magnetic flux through said rotatable element and saidstationary element, and a plurality of series of laminated bars arrangedbetween said rotatable element and stationary element, said series ofbars being relatively movable to vary the resistance ofiered to thepassa e of the magnetic flux through portions 0 the rotatable elementand stationary element.

9. In a dynamo electric machine, a magnetic circuit, a magnetizingwinding for producing a magnetic flux through said circuit, inducedwindings adapted to be traversed by said flux, and means forming a partof the magnetic circuit for varying the flux through said windings saidmeans comprising a plurality of series of laminated bars, the successiveseries of said bars being relatively movable to vary the resistance ofthe circuit.

10. In a dynamo electric machine, a magnetic circuit formed partly of aseries of stationary laminated bars and a series of movable laminatedbars arranged adjacent the stationary bars, the bars in the stationaryseries being alined radially and being so arranged with relation to themovable bars,

that when some of the bars of the stationary and movable series areradially alined in one portion of the machine, other stationary andmovable bars are non-alined radially in another ortion of the machine, amagnetizing win ing for producing a magnetic flux through the magneticcircuit and induced avindings adapted to be traversed by said 11. Adynamo electric machine comprising two co-axial stationary elements,induced coils common to both stationary elements, a rotatable elementconcentric with each stationary element, a magnetizing windingassociated with said rotatable elements and means comprising stationaryand rotatable laminated bars for varying the reluctance of the magneticcircuit at a plurality of points between said stationary and rotatableelements.

12. A dynamo electric machine comprising two co-axial stationaryelements, induced coils common to both stationary ele- 5 ments, arotatable element having two circumferential faces arrangedconcentrically with said stationary elements, a magnetizing windingsurrounding said rotatable element, a p urality of series of laminatedbars arranged between said stationary elements and said rotatable*etiment, the alternate series of bars being movable with respect to theothers, the bars in the successive series being arranged so that whenthe bars are alined In one plane between one stationary element and oneface of the rotatable element, they are alined in another plane be-'tween the other stationary element and the other rotatable element face.

13. In a dynamo electric machine, a uniformly toothed stationary elementand a uniformly toothed rotatable element, the teeth on the two elementsbein spaced to form open and closed magnetic ux path sections, eachclosed section consistin of a plurality of consecutively fully an partlyalined teeth and each open section consisting of a plurality ofconsecutive fully and partly non-alined teeth, induced windingssurrounding said closed and open sections, and an energizmg windingcreating a magnetic flux traversing said sections and the windingsthereon.

14. In a dynamo electric machine, two 00- axial stationar elementsspaced from each other, a rotata 1e element arranged concentrically ofsaid stationary elements having two faces alined with and spaced apartfrom said stationary elements, a magnetizing winding surrounding saidrotatable element, a plurality of circular series of bars concentricwith said rotatable element -arranged between the faces of the rotatableand the stationary elements, the alternate series of said bars beingsecured to said rotatable element, the remaining series of bars beingattached to the stationary element, said bars being arranged withrespect to each other in such manner that when the bars between onestationary element and rotatable element face are alined in one plane,the bars on the other side of the machine are non-alined in the sameplane.

15. In a dynamo electric machine, two coaxial toothed stationaryelements, induced coils on said stationary elements spanning a multipleof teeth and forming a plurality of poles, a rotatable element arrangedconcentrically with said stationary elements having a faceassociatedwith each stationary element, a magnetizing winding surrounding saidrotatable element, a plurality of series of bars between the opposlngfaces of each stationary and rotatable element, the alternate series ofbars being stationary and attached to the stationary element and theintermediate series of bars being attached to the rotatable element andbeing rotatable therewith, there being n-regularly spaced bars in eachstationary series and niK regularly spaced bars in each rotatableseries, K being one-half the number of poles in the machine.

rotatable element revolves the successive teeth on the rotatable elementmove into alinement with the successive teeth on the stationary element,and an induced winding arranged on said stationary elements, each coilof the winding spanning a plurality of teeth.

17. In a dynamo electric machine a uniformly toothed stator, adistributed induced winding arranged on said stator, each coil of thewinding spanning a plurality of teeth, a uniformly toothed rotorarranged concentrically with respect to said stator, the pitch of theteeth on the rotor being of a different number of degrees than the pitchof the teeth on the stator so that rotation of the rotor causes thepoint .of maximum radial alinement between the stator and rotor teeth toprogress at a higher angular velocity than said rotor.

18. In a dynamo electric machine, a stationary element having adistributed wind ing arranged thereon, the coils of each phase of thewinding being arranged in groups spaced apart circumferentially, meansfor producing a magnetic flux traversing said winding, a rotatableelement arranged within said stator and means operative by the rotationof the inductor for varying the flux'similarly through the alternategroups of each phase at a rate greater than the rate of rotation of theinductor.

19. In a dynamo electric machine, a toothed stationary element, a seriesof bars spaced radially from and alined with said toothed element, aninduced winding on said stationary element a toothed rotatable elementin operative relation with said stationary element, a series of barsspaced radially from said rotatable element radially alined with theteeth thereon, and disposed between the stationary element and the firstseries of bars, said series of bars and teeth spacedcircumferentially sothat a series of consecutive teeth and bars are fully and partly alined,forming a closed portion, and a series of consecutive teeth and bars arefully and partly non-alined, forming an open portion, each closed andeach open portion forming a pole; said induced windin consisting of asmany pole windings as tlgere are closed and open portions around thecircumference of one of the elements.

20. In a dynamo ,electric machine, an encrgizing coil producin amagnetic flux, a stator including a p urality of radially spaced barsand a winding arran ed on its inner circumference, a rotor inclu ing aplurality of radially spaced bars interposed between the body of thestator and the bars thereon, the circumferential spacing of the twopluralities of bars being such that rota- .tion of the rotor will causethe magnetic flux'to traverse said rotor and to progress at a higherangular velocity than the rotor.

21. In a dynamo electric machine, a stationary element, a series of barsspaced radially from said stationary element and secured thereto, aninduced winding on said stationary element, a rotatable element arrangedin operative relation with said stationary element, a series of barssecured to and spaced radially from said rotatable element and lyingbetween the stationary element and the first series of bars, saidstationary element, rotatable element, and the serles of bars formingpart of a magnetic circuit, the bars being so spaced circumferentiallythat a plurality of consecutive bars are fully and partly alined,forming a closed portion, and a plurality of consecutive bars are fullyand partly non-alined, forming an open portion, each closed and eachopen portion forming a pole; said induced windmg consisting of as manypole windings as there are closed and open portions around thecircumference of one of the elements.

-.22. In a dynamo electric machine, a stator having two co-axial toothedfaces, a distributed winding arranged on said stator, a rotor having twoco-aXial toothed faces, each associated with a stator face, the teeth oneach pair of associated faces being spaced so that when the teeth in onepair are alined in one plane, the teeth on the other pair-are non-alinedin the same plane.

23. In a dynamo electric machine, a magnetic circuit including aplurality of circular series of laminated bars, the bars in each seriesbeing movable with respect to the bars in an adjacent series, the barsin the plurality of series being arranged to be alined at one portion ofthe machine and non-alined at another portion.

24. In a dynamo electric machine, a stationary element, a series of barsspaced radially from said stationary element, an induced winding on saidstationary element, and a series of rotatable bars arranged between saidstationary element and said first series of bars, the bars in the twoseries being so arranged that they form a plurality of closed and openmagnetic flux paths, which flux paths form as many poles and traversesas many pole windings as there are closed and open portions, eachportion being composed of consecutive closed paths or consecutive openpaths.

25. In a dynamo electric machine, a magnetizing winding producing amagnetic flux, a stationary element, induced coils on said element, arotatable element arranged con .centrically with and spaced from saldstationary element, a plurality of series of relativelymovable laminatedbars arranged between said stationary and rotatable elements, said barsbeing arranged to produce a revolving flux traversing said coils, theangular velocity of said flux being greater than the angular velocity ofthe rotatable element,

26. In a dynamo electric machine, a magnetizing winding producingainagnetic flux, two co-axial stationary e A coils engaging both elemen3 ,rotatableelement having oppositely i etized faces arrangedconcentrically wh" and spaced apart from said stationary elements, eachface being associated with therespective stationary element, and aplurality of series of relatively movable magnetic bars arranged betweeneach stationary element and the corresponding face of the rotatableelement, said bars being arranged upon rotation of the rotatable elementto produce a ents, induced revolving magnetic flux of greater angularvelocity than said rotatable element traversing said coils.

27. In a dynamo electric machine, a distributed induced winding, amagnetizing Winding, a rotatable element arranged concentrically withsaid induced winding, and means arranged between said induced windingand said rotatable element servin to cause the rotation of said elementto produce a gradually progressing revolving magnetic field of a-higherangular velocity than said rotatable element traversing said winding.

28. In a dynamo electric machine, a distributed induced winding, arotatable element arranged concentrically with respect to said windingand means operating in conusanerr junction with said .rotatable elementfor roduclng a gradually progressing revolvmg field of higher angularvelocity than .said rotatable element traversing said windeach closedsection consisting of a plurality of consecutively fully and partlyalined teeth and bars and each open section consisting of a plurality ofconsecutively fully and partly non-alined teeth and bars, inducedwindings surrounding said closed and open sections and an energizingwinding creating a magnetic flux traversing said sections and thewindings thereon.

In testimony whereof, I have hereun set my hand at San Francisco,California, this 22nd day of Au st, 1913s FONS H. NEULAND. In presenceof H. G. Pnos'r,

M. Ln Conn

